Physical versus virtual manipulative experimentation in physics learning

Zacharias C. Zacharia; Georgios Olympiou

Learning and Instruction Vol. 21, No. 3 (June 2011) pp. 317–331

The aim of this study was to investigate whether physical or virtual manipulative experimentation can differentiate physics learning. There were four experimental conditions, namely Physical Manipulative Experimentation (PME), Virtual Manipulative...

Language: English

Blending Physical and Virtual Manipulatives: An Effort to Improve Students' Conceptual Understanding through Science Laboratory Experimentation

Georgios Olympiou; Zacharias C. Zacharia

Science Education Vol. 96, No. 1 (January 2012) pp. 21–47

This study aimed to investigate the effect of experimenting with physical manipulatives (PM), virtual manipulatives (VM), and a blended combination of PM and VM on undergraduate students' understanding of concepts in the domain of "Light and Color." ...